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2 Thermodynamics of Critical Phenomena

Figure 2.4: Ternary phase diagram at constant pressure.

line connecting two constituents the mole fraction of the third one must be zero. At any vortex, the mole fraction of one constituent is 1.0 while that of both others zero. An exam- ple of such isothermal diagram is shown in Fig(2.5). Obviously, the thermodynamics of ternary mixtures is more complicated as that of binary mixtures. The stability criterions discussed in Section (2.1) have to be extended to include the third component. Details of calculations and the underlying theory are given in the paper by Sadus [44]. Here only a brief outline about the conditions and criterions of the existence of a critical point in a ternary liquid system is presented. The third constituent makes it necessary to extend the before mentioned criterion of stability by an additional quantity, the diffusion coefficient D0:

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